By the end of the 18th Century, the square was already star-shaped despite having only five roads leading from it. At the centre was a semicircular lawn. Napoléon commissioned Chalgrin to construct a giant arch in 1806. (50m / 164ft high by 45m / 147.6ft wide with massive high reliefs) It wouldn’t be finished until 1836, under Louis-Philippe. In 1840 the carriage bearing the Emperor’s body passed beneath the arch. Haussmann redesigned the square in 1854, creating a further seven radiating avenues, while Hittorff planned the uniform façades which surround it.
On 14 july 1919 victorious allied armies, led by the marshals, marched in, procession. The unknow soldier killed in the Great War was laid to rest in 1921. On 26 August 1944, Paris liberated from german occupation, and Général de Gaulle marched through the arch.
November 11th, Armistice day. To commemorate French combatants who served in the World Wars, the President lays wreaths at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier under the Arc de Triomphe.
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